These minutes reflect discussion and debate at a meeting of a committee of the University of Minnesota Senate or Twin Cities Campus Assembly; none of the comments, conclusions, or actions reported in these minutes represents the views of, nor are they binding on, the Senate or Assembly, the Administration, or the Board of Regents.

 

Minutes

 

Senate Committee on Educational Policy

Wednesday, March 24, 2004

1:00 – 3:00

238A Morrill Hall

 

 

Present:

 

Emily Hoover (chair), Wilbert Ahern, Roxanne Beauclair, Victor Bloomfield, Dale Branton, Vernon Cardwell, Shawn Curley, Michael Edlavitch, Gretchen Haas, Frank Kulacki, Scott LeBlanc, Marsha Odom, Martin Sampson, Karen Seashore, Mary Ellen Shaw, Mary Sue Simmons, Joel Weinsheimer

 

Absent:

 

Geoffrey Meisner, Craig Swan, Douglas Wangensteen

 

Guests:

 

Jason Tangquist, John Holland, Stephanie Helgeson (Crookston athletics programs); Tina Falkner (Office of the Registrar)

 

[In these minutes:  (1) exceptions for athletic teams from the policy prohibiting events during study day and finals week; (2) calendars; (3) President's Day holiday; (4) misuse of 5xxx course designators]

 

 

1.         Exceptions to the Policy Prohibiting Student Activities During Study Day and Finals Week

 

            Professor Hoover convened the meeting at 1:00 and welcomed Coaches Holland and Tangquist and Athletic Director Stephanie Helgeson from the Crookston campus.  The Committee had received two requests for exceptions to the policy barring organizations from sponsoring activities during Study Day and Finals week that requires the participation of students.  Both the Crookston men's golf team and the equestrian team may qualify for national competition; if they do, the events would fall during the Crookston finals week. 

 

            The Committee inquired about the GPAs of the members of the men's golf team; Coach Tangquist reported the averages and said he had no concerns about those members of the team who would attend.  Professor Curley asked if there was a plan for study time; Coach Tangquist said they are making arrangements with instructors.  Last year the team members took exams before they left; some can take them when they return.

 

            The Committee voted unanimously to approve the exception.

 

            Coach Holland noted that he also had had to make this request last year; the national championship falls during finals week.  He reported the GPAs of the team members.  The regular season for the team ends a week before finals, so the students have time to work with their instructors.

 

            Professor Weinsheimer asked if this request would come every year (probably); if so, should the Committee grant a blanket exception?  Professor Cardwell thought not; the quality of students varies each year and the Committee should review each exception.  It is the Committee's obligation to review the requests, Professor Seashore agreed.  If it is a blanket exception, other teams on other campuses might well expect to receive a blanket exception as well.

 

            The Committee voted unanimously to approve the exception.

 

            Next the Committee took up a request from the Twin Cities Recreational Sports department for the men's Lacrosse team.  Since the last meeting, the department provided academic information about the students participating on the team.

 

            Professor Kulacki wondered about the policy implications when this team begins to approach the size of a football team.  Professor Sampson said he was prepared to support the request.  If these were varsity athletes, recruited to the campus, receiving financial aid, people would say this was a team of great quality that should participate in a national championship.  These are true student-athletes, not recruited to come here to be athletes and not receiving athletic financial aid, they have very good GPAs, they have no route into professional sports, and this is a major spring sport in some other parts of the country.  He said he would be reluctant to say "no" to a club team when the Committee would doubtless say "yes" to a varsity team.  These are essentially student-athletes, not athlete-students.

 

            Professor Seashore concurred but expressed concern about the number of freshmen on the team, including one who just transferred to the campus.  Freshmen are often poor organizers of their time and often take large classes; missing finals could put them at academic risk.  She inquired if the freshmen should be allowed to participate. 

 

Dr. Simmons said she would like to see the Committee receive a report on how the students on the team performed academically after the end of the year.  Professor Seashore suggested that if more club sports are going to compete nationally, the Department of Recreational Sports should develop a policy on supporting first-year and transfer students who face this disruption.  Is there a minimum GPA students need to achieve in order to compete, Mr. LeBlanc asked?  The students need only be in good academic standing, Professor Hoover surmised.

 

Professor Sampson said he agreed that he did not like freshmen competing; should the University institute such a rule for club sports?  If, however, these were varsity teams, then freshmen would be permitted to compete.  Professor Seashore said she meant to suggest a policy for the future, not this particular team.

           

            Professor Cardwell said he was not overly concerned about freshmen, even though they are more vulnerable.  What the Committee has not seen with this team is documentation about plans to accommodate student study and make-up exams, a question they have just posed to the two Crookston teams.  There is language about this in the letter, Professor Hoover said; Mr. Edlavitch, reviewing it, asked if the Committee was comfortable with the idea that coaches would proctor exams.  Coaches have a certain bond with athletes and could look the other way.  If the policy allows exceptions for natural progression to national championships for varsity teams, Professor Weinsheimer said, then not to allow this team to compete could be seen as bias against club teams.

 

            Professor Seashore commented that many faculty would to consign the NCAA and its regulations to the third ring of hell, but when the faculty are urging the President to encourage student learning, this Committee shouldn't in any way make blanket policies that would encourage athletics to interfere with the regular classroom schedule rather than having national athletic competitions accommodate regular academic obligations.

 

            Professor Sampson noted that the Twin Cities campus right now has two women's varsity teams that are extraordinarily successful.  Women's sports teams have impressive GPAs and demonstrate that combining sports and academics can work very well.  Similarly, these Lacrosse students have a B+ average, and like a lot of non-athlete students who have to work a lot of hours, these students appear to be very good at managing their time.

 

            Professor Kulacki said that teams aspire to national ranking, which means a lot; there is a "creeping corporatism" in this.  Once the Committee allows favoritism for tour-bound teams, NCAA-like problems are going to emerge.

 

            Dean Bloomfield commented that in his recent book, Universities in the Marketplace, former Harvard President Derek Bok devotes one chapter to the commercialization of intercollegiate athletics and how they run counter to academic values and how they cost money.  He suggested the Committee might wish to read excerpts from the book.

 

            Professor Curley suggested that for the time being the Committee had to set aside the things it cannot change, but pointed out that it has now had to deal with three exceptions to the policy and has no consistent set of criteria in terms of the information it expects to be provided.  It would be helpful if the Committee were to develop such criteria so it could tell people what it expected to see and so that it would be looking at the same information for each group. 

 

            Dr. Simmons recalled when the men's basketball scandal was all over the newspapers, and that she had nagging doubts about the proposal to have the coach proctor exams.  She said she would vote in favor of granting the Lacrosse team the exception, but said that in the future, she would not favor allowing such a practice.  Professor Kulacki wondered if it would be possible to require that a graduate student or faculty member travel with the team to proctor exams, which would send a message about academic integrity.  Professor Cardwell said he would not allow a final exam to be taken away from the campus and wouldn't care WHO proctored it.  He agreed with the proposition that the students should either take the exam before they leave or after they return; the coach's role is to set up study time.  Students should not take exams on the trip.  Dr. Shaw agreed, saying it does not make sense to take exams on the road, and said she could not imagine any faculty member would think that was acceptable.  Professor Sampson agreed with Professor Cardwell, and said the Committee should convey to the faculty that they have an obligation to provide a make-up opportunity.  At the same time, that obligation does not cancel the faculty member's responsibility to decide when and how the make-up will be administered.

 

            Mr. LeBlanc asked if the Committee was being more strict with this team than it was with the other two.  If there is a concern, he said, the Committee should develop a separate policy. 

 

            Ms. Beauclair said that the students on the Lacrosse team were doing fine and should go to the national championship if they qualify.  She maintained that when students are on a trip like this, they do not think about school.  The coaches are "pumping them up" for the event, and in the hotel rooms he or she is not going to be emphasizing studying.  It is not in the mindset of students to study on a trip like this.  And the coach should not be proctoring a final, she concluded.  On this last point, Professor Ahern said he was concerned whether the team is NCAA or a club team--was startled that such a thing might happen--and suggested that the Committee might wish to make an inquiry of the directors of athletics about whether coaches proctor exams for varsity teams.

 

            Professor Curley said the Committee should review the policies, develop criteria, and follow up on Professor Ahern's suggestion.  It had earlier been moved and seconded that the Committee approve the request for the exception; Professor Curley moved that the motion include a proviso that the coach and anyone else affiliated with the team not be permitted to proctor exams. 

 

            Professor Curley's amendment and the motion itself passed unanimously.

 

2.         Calendars

 

            Professor Hoover now asked Dr. Falkner to lead a discussion of the calendars for 2007-08 and 2008-09.  Dr. Falkner distributed copies of proposed calendars that included three different options for the Twin Cities campus.  She also provided copies of changes to the Crookston calendars for 05-06 and 06-07 because an in-service day was added, creating a short fall break.  She also reviewed the calendars for the graduate/professional programs that are not required to follow the standard calendar for the Twin Cities campus; the Committee had no objections to those proposals.  She also told the Committee that nothing was out of order for the Crookston, Duluth, and Morris campus calendars for 07-08 or 08-09.

 

            The three options Dr. Falkner presented for the end of Fall Semester 2007 on the Twin Cities were as follows:

 

1.         Classes end                   Dec 12 (Weds)

            Study days                    Dec 13, 16 (Thurs & Sun)

            Finals                            Dec 14-15, 17-20 (Fri-Sat & Mon-Thurs)

 

2.         Classes end                   Dec 12 (Weds)

            Study days                    Dec 13, 15-16 (Thurs & Sat-Sun)

            Finals                            Dec 14, 17-21 (Fri & Mon-Fri)

 

3.         Classes end                   Dec 12 (Weds)

            Study days                    Dec 15-16 (Sat-Sun)

            Finals                            Dec 13-14, 17-20 (Thurs-Fri & Mon-Thurs)

 

            For the Twin Cities campus, Dr. Falkner recalled, the Committee voted last year to make fall semester 70 days, with a Tuesday start (after Labor Day) and a Wednesday finish, which provides flexibility on whether or not to have a study day.  Mr. Edlavitch wondered about having study day(s) on the weekends.  Professor Seashore wondered how important study day is.  Both Messrs. Edlavitch and LeBlanc said it was very important and they use it for studying.  Mr. LeBlanc said he preferred to have a study day before exams begin, so would prefer option 1.  Ms. Beauclair said she also liked study day, but wondered at what cost in terms of effect on the calendar.  Dr. Falkner said that having a study day does not mean the loss of any instructional days because the term always ends on a Wednesday.  The question is when the term ends; with an early Labor Day, scheduling a study day is easier.  When Labor Day is late, finals could still end on December 22. 

 

            Is there any reason the University does not have finals on Sunday, Professor Hoover inquired?  Dr. Falkner said she believed the reason had something to do with religious beliefs.  That could apply to Saturday as well, Professor Hoover pointed out.

 

            Ms. Haas said she thought the Committee had voted that it was acceptable for Fall Semester to exceed 70 days and that finals could run through December 22.  For courses that use TAs and do not use machine scoring on exams, a late final exam period creates a real crunch.  TAs want to get out, as do the students.  This is a critical problem.  For that reason, option 1 is best.  Unsavory things happen when finals get later; people end up carrying exams across the country to grade them, or faculty will only give a final that can be machine-graded.  Or they may not give one at all.

 

            Mr. Edlavitch suggested option 1 but with Thursday-Friday study days and finals on Sunday.  Mr. LeBlanc disagreed, saying that Sunday is an all-around good study day; Friday is party day for many students and it is nice to have a study day in the middle of finals week.  Ms. Haas supported option 1 as well.  Ms. Beauclair said she didn't care where study day was, just as long as finals did not run an additional day.

 

            Professor Cardwell moved that the Committee approve option 1 for Fall Semester 2007.  Asked about spring, Dr. Falkner said the spring semesters are the same for all three options and are not a problem.  Professor Hoover noted that Professor Heller's subcommittee (on whether there might be a three-semester system) is looking at the entire calendar and that a change could mean a shift in the starting day of Spring Semester.  Professor Seashore said that she is on Professor Heller's subcommittee and believes that it will not recommend a three-semester system. 

 

            Ms. Beauclair, noting that she has never been involved in these calendar discussions before, wondered why her friends at other institutions get a fall break but she does not.  She also commented that the winter break is too long.  Professor Hoover explained that the presence of the State Fair adjacent to the St. Paul campus means that school cannot start before Labor Day, making a break in fall semester impossible.

 

            Professor Cardwell's motion was approved unanimously.

 

            Ms. Haas then moved the Committee approve Spring Semester 2008.  Professor Hoover said she would like a discussion of beginning the spring semester earlier (before the MLK holiday).  The Provost's office has been receiving a number of calls from parents and students complaining that the winter break is too long.  This idea elicited a number of reactions from Committee members.

 

--          Professor Kulacki said the break is crucial in research-intensive departments and urged that the Committee not act quickly on a change.   Professor Hoover said that Minnesota's winter break is longer than most other research universities and that the Provost asked the Committee to look at the possibility of change. 

 

--          Professor Sampson said that in evaluating that implications of short winter breaks, such as Michigan’s, one must look at the quality of instruction--one should not look at the schedules without also looking at the quality of what happens in the classroom and whether final exams are disappearing because of the short break.

 

--          Professor Seashore said that summer session could not start earlier because people have kids in school, so there would be an awkward period between the end of Spring Semester and the start of summer session. 

 

--          Professor Weinsheimer commented that many faculty thought the move to semesters was faculty-unfriendly but that the long break between semesters compensated in part for the change.

 

--          Professor Cardwell said that it is clear students do not like the long break and would prefer to be out earlier in the spring.  The winter break is long, but not long enough to get a job.  The interim session does not affect a significant number of people so should not be used as a reason not to end the spring term earlier.

 

--          Mr. LeBlanc said he likes the long break.  He spends a week with his family and then worked to increase his savings.  He said he needs the break to recharge after Fall Semester, which goes without any break except Thanksgiving.  And with tuition increasing, students need more time to work.  Professor Cardwell agreed that the tuition problem is not small, but said it would be more likely students would have a full-time job in summer and that they could make more money then, with 1-2 additional weeks, than they could over a break.

 

--          The Committee decided last year that Fall Semester would be 70 days.  If there is talk about starting Spring Semester earlier, then it should be coupled with a discussion about making it the same length as Fall Semester.  Mr. Edlavitch said he could not understand why the two were different lengths; he said if he were teaching a course, one four days longer, he would regard them as different courses.  The reason is that when the University shifted to semesters, Professor Ahern recalled, the University would retain the same number of instructional days (150), so there would be two 75-day semesters (or as close as the University could come).  The University was concerned about legislative reaction to shorter semesters, Ms. Haas remembered.

 

--          The Committee decided to waive the rule requiring semesters be 70-75 days, Professor Seashore said, and there were political accommodations to a legislative desire to have students in school.  Now the legislature is not funding the University as much so that is less of a concern.  The Committee can discuss this all it wants, but it needs to know what students want.  She said she prefers the long break but the University needs to be sensitive to students.  Faculty have more control over their time than do students; she said she did not know if students would prefer to be out of school two weeks earlier.  Mr. Edlavitch said students would prefer to have the time free in April rather than January.  Ms. Haas said it would also be helpful to understand what the faculty want.  Professor Seashore suggested the Committee ask the administration to design and conduct a survey of faculty and students about their calendar preferences (a survey of faculty and students who are bound by this calendar).

 

--          Asked what the Heller subcommittee would have to say about this, Professor Weinsheimer said that it would likely not advocate a three-semester system but would instead recommend minimizing the impediments to faculty teaching and students taking courses in the summer.  The subcommittee has not considered the length of the winter break.  Professor Seashore said that they have identified only one institution that has a full summer semester; most of what they have learned is that universities are offering slightly expanded summer sessions.  The University would be in the vanguard if it moved to a three-semester system.  She said she did not see either an economic or pedagogical justification for making such a change.

 

            When is the latest time the Committee can do the calendars, Professor Hoover asked?  There is no set time, Dr. Falkner said; the Committee set as a goal having four years of calendars in place so that incoming freshmen would always know the calendar for four years.  Professor Hoover suggested the Committee approve the 07-08 calendar but that it table the 08-09 calendar.  And, although people do not like it, the Senate can make changes in the calendars that have already been approved, Dr. Falkner pointed out.  If a survey demonstrates that 90% of faculty and students say the break is too long, the Committee could recommend that the already-approved calendars be changed.

 

            Skipping ahead to the 2008-09 calendar, Mr. LeBlanc said it would be a bad idea to start school on (Tuesday) September 2.  Most apartment leases start on the first and they do not let students move in early.  Dr. Falkner said that with all due respect for that problem, the University has little choice.  But, she added, the Committee could recommend that the semester start on Wednesday rather than Tuesday.

 

            The Committee voted unanimously to approve Fall Semester, 2008, which, like 2007, provides study days on Thursday and Sunday.  Finals would end on December 18.  The Committee also voted unanimously to support Professor Seashore's request that the administration survey faculty and students affected by the Twin Cities campus calendar about their preferences both about the length of the semester (should it be the same as Fall?) and about the length of winter break and when Spring Semester should end.  Professor Cardwell observed that if the break is shortened and the semester is shortened, students would have an additional two to three weeks to work during the summer.

 

            Dr. Falkner advised the Committee to think about advising time and preparing students when it considers shortening the break between semesters, in order that the University does not permit students to enroll and then tell them they are on probation.  That is a question of turning in grades on time, Professor Hoover commented.  Dr. Shaw said it was also a matter of packaging financial aid and letting know students if they have been suspended; they could manage if one week were cut off the winter break, but not if there were two weeks cut off. 

 

            Professor Sampson said he endorsed the idea of having calendars set for four years and agreed with Ms. Haas's motion that the Committee approve the Spring 2008 calendar, but added that it should leave open the question of the break and spring, 2009.  The Committee voted unanimously in favor of the motion.

 

3.         President's Day Holiday

 

            Professor Hoover reported that she had received a letter from the Chair of the Civil Service Committee asking this Committee to think about making President's Day a University holiday.  She said she brought up the idea with the administration, which did not endorse the idea. 

 

            Would this increase the number of holidays, Professor Kulacki asked?  It would not, Professor Hoover said, but the civil service staff may not take a day off on an instructional day. 

 

            Dr. Falkner read parts of the letter that outlined the reasons.  Professor Hoover said there is no sympathy for this request in the administration, and making President's Day a holiday would require eliminating an instructional day, thus extending the semester.

 

Professor Weinsheimer commented that in general the University could treat its civil service employees better than it does, with a more sympathetic understanding.  And they could use another holiday in that period.  That is outside the bailiwick of this Committee, Professor Curley said, but perhaps a different holiday could be accommodated with the Spring Semester calendar.  Missing another Monday would unduly hinder classes on Mondays, Professor Hoover pointed out.

 

4.         4xxx/5xxx Course Designators

 

            Professor Hoover now turned to Dean Bloomfield to introduce the issue of the use of 4xxx/5xxx course designators. 

 

            Dean Bloomfield distributed a one-page handout with two lists of 5xxx courses, one ordered by declining proportion of undergraduate enrollment and one ordered by declining proportion of freshmen and sophomores in them.  Fifteen of the 5xxx courses were 100% undergraduate, and several dozen had over 80% undergraduate enrollment.  Eighteen of the 5xxx courses had 20% or more freshmen and sophomores in them.  Professor Hoover reported that the Council of Undergraduate Deans had discussed the latter issue; is this a Twin Cities issue, she asked?  Dean Bloomfield said the deans believed it is.

 

            When the current course-numbering system was established, 1xxx and 2xxx courses were to be for freshmen and sophomores, 3xxx for middle undergraduate years, 4xxx mainly upper division/undergraduate, although graduate students could use some of the courses with program approval, and 5xxx courses were to be mainly graduate students but juniors and seniors could enroll in them.  What has happened is that the 4xxx courses are OK because they enroll mostly upper division undergraduate students.  The problem is with the 5xxx courses; there are about 400 that have more than 25% undergraduate enrollment in them.

 

            This seems wrong to him, Dean Bloomfield told the Committee.  It violates the policy, as Dean of the Graduate School he finds the practice objectionable, it does not accord with internal standards of what a graduate course should be, and it does not conform to external standards about graduate courses.  There have been fellowship nominees who have turned down offers from the University in part because they hear that there are too many undergraduate students in graduate courses, which dilutes the quality of the courses.  There has also been an external review which reported that graduate students said the presence of undergraduates dilutes a course and undergraduate students said the courses were too hard.

 

            The Council of Undergraduate Deans has recommended that no freshmen or sophomores be permitted in 5xxx courses without the consent of the instructor, Dean Bloomfield said.  They recognize that there are areas where prodigies or well-trained students should be allowed to take 5xxx courses (e.g., in mathematics or music), but for the most part 5xxx should mean it is primarily a graduate course that only very-well-prepared undergraduates who have taken all the other courses in the area would be permitted to take.  He said that he personally was uncomfortable with the idea of juniors taking 5xxx courses.

 

            Dean Bloomfield said he would like the Committee to follow the lead of the undergraduate deans by adopting a statement reminding colleges and departments about the proper use of the 5xxx designator and urge the Provost to send a letter asking departments to reclassify courses or adhere to the standards. 

 

            Ms. Haas noted that 5xxx courses are in the system so undergraduates do not need special permission to enroll in them.  Ms. Beauclair said that as a freshman, she had no idea that 5xxx courses were for graduate students; she said she thought they were for undergraduates.  She said she agreed that undergraduates should not be in them if they are intended for graduate students, but they should also then not appear as options and students need to have it explained to them that 5xxx courses are graduate.  Mr. LeBlanc said he would like to know the number of undergraduates in 5xxx courses who are honors students.  Dean Bloomfield said it was fine for seniors to enroll in the courses if they have the required background work.

 

            Professor Weinsheimer said he agreed that graduate courses should be graduate and vice-versa.  If the 5xxx courses are separated, however, and the enrollments divided in half, it may be necessary to create hundreds of new 4xxx courses.  Dean Bloomfield said he believed that many of them should not be split--they should be reclassified as 4xxx courses.  If they enrollment is predominantly undergraduate, they should be undergraduate courses.  Professor Sampson said that his department did distinguish--and graduate student enrollment dropped because the Graduate School catalogue no longer listed the courses they had reclassified as 4xxx.  The solution was a single course with a 5xxx enrollment for graduate students and a 4xxx enrollment for undergraduate students.  That has happened, Dean Bloomfield said, and supposedly graduate students do more work, he said he was skeptical, but that is what is supposed to happen.

 

            Professor Branton suggested that the University automatically reclassify courses to 4xxx if there is more than X% of undergraduates in it.  Dean Bloomfield noted again that 4xxx courses are to be upper division undergraduate but they may be open to graduate students; 5xxx courses are to be graduate courses that may be open to undergraduates.  When a 5xxx course is 100% undergraduate, the department is not doing its job in identifying the appropriate course number.  Are undergraduates taking 5xxx courses because the lower-numbered ones are not challenging enough, Mr. Edlavitch asked?  Professor Curley agreed the courses should be reclassified but that 4xxx courses are identified as open to graduate students.  Professor Hoover noted that some Ph.D. programs do not allow students to take 4xxx courses, although some Master's programs do.

 

            The University needs to be clearer on its expectations, Dean Bloomfield commented. 

 

            It was agreed that the Committee would take up a statement on the issue.

 

            Professor Hoover adjourned the meeting at 3:05.

 

                                                                        -- Gary Engstrand

 

University of Minnesota