Articles
"A Step Toward Scientific Self-Identity in the United States: The Failure of the National Institute," Isis, 62 (Fall, 1971): 339-362. *Reprinted in Nathan Reingold, ed., American Science Since 1820 (New York: Science History Publications, 1976).
"The Geologists' Model for National Science, 1840-1847," American Philosophical Society, Proceedings, 128 (April, 1974): 179-195.
"Savants and Professionals: The American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1848-1860," in Alexandra Oleson and Sanborn Brown, eds., The Pursuit of Knowledge in the Early American Republic: American Scientific and Learned Societies from Colonial Times to the Civil War (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1976): 299-325.
"The Nineteenth-century Amateur Tradition: The Case of the Boston Society of Natural History," in Gerald Holton and William Blanpied, eds., Science and Its Public: The Changing Relationship (Holland: D. Reidel Publishing Co., l976): 173-190.
"Maria Mitchell and the Advancement of Women in Science," New England Quarterly, 51 (Spring, 1978): 39-63. *Reprinted in Uneasy Careers and Intimate Lives: Women in Science 1789-1979, ed. Pnina Abir-Am and Dorinda Outram (New Brunswick: Rutgers, 1987).
"Physiological Lectures for Women: Sarah Coates in Ohio, 1850," in Journal for the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 33 (January, 1978): 78-82.
"In From the Periphery: American Women in Science, 1830-1880," Signs, 4 (Fall, l978): 81-96.
"From Learned Society to Public Museum: The Boston Society of Natural History," in Alexandra Oleson and John Voss, eds., The Organization of Knowledge in Modern America, 1860-1920 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1979): 386-406.
"Single-sex Education and Leadership: The Early Years of Simmons College," in Sari Knopp Biklen and Marilyn Brannigan, eds., Women and Educational Leadership: A Reader (Boston: Lexington Press, 1979): 93-112.
"Science: The Struggle for Survival, 1880-1894," in Science, 208 (4 July 1980): 33-42. *Reprinted in The Science Centennial Review, ed. Philip H. Abelson and Ruth Kulstad (Washington, D.C.: AAAS, 1980), pp. 15-24.
"Henry A. Ward: The Merchant Naturalist and American Museum Development," Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History, 9 (1980): 647-661. *Reprinted in abbreviated form in Rochester Library Quarterly, 38 (1985): 21-37.
"Australian Museums of Natural History: Public Priorities and Scientific Initiatives in the Nineteenth Century," Historical Records of Australian Science, 5 (1983): 1-29.
"Natural Heritage: Securing Australian Materials in 19th Century Museums," Museums Australia (July, 1984): 15-22.
"Historical Records in Australian Museums of Natural History," Australian Historical Bibliography, Bulletin 10 (1984): 61-82.
"Institutional History," in Historical Writing on American Science, Osiris, 2nd series, 1 (1985): 17-36. *Reprinted with a new introduction in Historia y Filosofia de la Ciencia en America (1987), ed. Juan Jose Saldana, pp. 81-102.
"Collections, Cabinets and Summer Camp: Natural History in the Public Life of Nineteenth-Century Worcester," Museum Studies Journal, 2 (Fall, 1985): 10-23.
"Natural History at Dickinson and Other Colleges in the Nineteenth Century," John and Mary's Journal 10 (Winter, 1985): 27-48.
"International Exchange and National Style: A View of Natural History Museums in the United States, 1860-1900," in Nathan Reingold and Marc Rothenberg, eds., Scientific Colonialism: A Cross-Cultural Comparison (Washington: Smith-sonian Institution Press, 1987): 167-190.
"History in a Natural History Museum: George Brown Goode and the Smithsonian Institution," Public Historian, 10 (1988): 7-26.
"Museums on Campus: A Tradition of Inquiry and Teaching," in Ronald Rainger, Keith Benson, and Jane Maienschein, eds., The American Development of Biology (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1988): 15-47.
"Collections and Cabinets: Natural History Museums on Campus, to 1860," Isis, 79 (Fall, 1988): 405-426.
"Parlors, Primers, and Public Schooling: Education for Science in Nineteenth Century America," Isis, 81 (Fall, 1990): 424-445. This essay was based on my plenary History of Science Society Lecture, 1989. *Reprinted in The Scientific Enterprise in America, ed. Ronald L. Numbers and Charles E. Rosenberg (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996).
"International Exchange in the Natural History Enterprise: Museums in Australia and the United States," in S. G. Kohlstedt and R. W. Home, eds., International Science and National Scientific Identity: Australia between Britain and America (Holland: Kluewer Academic Publishers, 1991): 121-149.
"Entrepreneurs and Intellectuals: Natural History in Early American Museums," in William T. Alderson, ed., Mermaids, Mummies, and Mastodons: The Emergence of the American Museum (Washington, D.C.: American Association of Museums, 1992): 23-40.
"Historical Perspective on Women in Science," Osiris 10 (1995).
"Museums: Revisiting Sites Natural History," (review essay) Journal for the History of Biology 28(1995): 151-166.
"German Ideas and Practice in American Natural History Museums," in Henry Geitz, Jurgen Heideking, and Jurgen Herbst, eds., German Influences on Education in the United States to 1917 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), pp. 103-114.
"Nature Study in North American and Australasia, 1890-1945," Historical Records of Australian Science 11 (June 1997): 439-454.
With Mark Jorgensen, "'The Irrepressible Woman Question': Women's Responses to Darwinian Evolutionary Ideology," in Disseminating Darwinism: The Role of Place, Race, Religion, and Gender (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), pp. 267-293.
With Donald Opitz, "Reimag(in)ing Women in Science: Crafting Self-Images and Negotiating Gender in Science," in Changing Images of the Sciences, ed. Ida Stamhuis ed al. (Holland: Kluwer, 2002).
"Patterns of Participation: Women in Science and Technology in the Twentieth Century," National Women's Studies Association Journal 16 (Spring 2004): 1-26. [Special Issue on (Re)Gendering Science Fields]
With Paul Brinkman, "Framing Nature: The Formative Years of American Natural History Museum Development" (California Academy of Sciences, Memoirs, 2004)
"Nature by Design: Masculinity and Zoological Museum Display," for Reconfiguring Women in Science, ed. Bernard Lightman and Ann Shteir (volume currently under press consideration)