Before:            
Judge William H. Sekule, Presiding
Judge Yakov A. Ostrovsky
Judge Tafazzal Hossain Khan

Registrar:  
Mr. Agwu U. Okali

Decision of:  21 May 1999

THE PROSECUTOR
versus
CLÉMENT KAYISHEMA
and
OBED RUZINDANA

Case No. ICTR-95-1-T

JUDGEMENT

The Office of the Prosecutor:
Mr. Jonah Rahetlah
Ms. Brenda Sue Thornton
Ms. Holo Makwaia

Counsel for Clément Kayishema:
Mr. André Ferran
Mr. Philippe Moriceau

Counsel for Obed Ruzindana:
Mr. Pascal Besnier
Mr. Willem Van der Griend

List of Contents

I.        INTRODUCTION

1.1     The Tribunal and its Jurisdiction
1.2     The Indictment
1.3     The Accused
1.4     Procedural Background of the Case

II.       Historical Context of the 1994 Events in Rwanda

III.      EVIDENTIARY MATTERS

3.1     Equality of Arms
3.2     Reliability of Eyewitnesses
3.3     Witness Statements
3.4     Specificity of the Indictment

IV.     THE LAW

4.1     Genocide
4.2     Crimes Against Humanity
4.3     Violations of Article 3 Common to the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocol II, thereto
4.4     Criminal Responsibility, Articles 6(1) and 6(3)

V.       FACTUAL FINDINGS

5.1     Alibi
5.2     Did Genocide Occur in Rwanda and Kibuye in 1994?
5.3     An Introduction: The Massacres at the Catholic Church and Home St. Jean Complex, Stadium in Kibuye Town and the Church in Mubuga
5.4     The Massacres in the Area of Bisesero

VI.     LEGAL FINDINGS

6.1     Kayishema’s Command Responsibility
6.2     Genocide
6.3     Crimes Against Humanity
6.4     Common Article 3 and Additional Protocol II

VII.         Cumulative Charges

VIII.        The Verdict

Sentencing Order

Separate and Dissenting Opinion of Judge Khan regarding the Verdicts under  Charges of Crimes Against Humanity/Murder and Crimes Against Humanity/Murder

Dissenting Opinion