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Introduction
Monitoring in the Environment
Exposure Pathway and Exposure Types
Metabolism of Asbestos
Biomarkers of Asbestos
Organs Affected by Asbestos
Molecular Action of Asbestos
Measuring Human Exposure
Risk Assessment
Epidemiological Studies
Toxicodynamics
Fate and Transport
What Everyone Should Know
Asbestos Policy
Regulatory Standards
Asbestos Removal and Sealing
References
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Regulatory Standards History
Regulatory Standards
- 1948-1973: TLV-TWA, 5mppcf
- 1968-1969: TLV-TWA, 12 fiber/cm3
- 1970-1978: TLV-TWA, 5 fiber/cm3n
- 1978:
- TLV-TWA, 2 fiber/cm3 (Chrysoltile and other)
- TLV-TWA, 0.5 fiber/cm3 (Amosite and Treolite)
- TLV-TWA, 0.2 fiber/cm3 (Crocidolite)
- 1991: TLV-TWA, 0.2 fiber/cm3 (all forms)
- 1997-current: TLV-TWA, 0.1 fiber/cm3\
Current Standards
- TLV-TWA: 0.1 fiber/cm3 (fiber >5 _m).
a. 8-hour workday, 40-hour workweek.
b. Repeat, daily exposure without adverse effect
- OSHA PEL-TWA: 0.1 fiber/cm3
a. <0.5 fiber/cm3 (for 30 min sampling time)
- 3) NIOSH REL-TWA: 0.1 fiber/cm3
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